Which agency established the National Response Center (NRC)?

The National Response Center (NRC) was established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to serve as the primary federal point of contact for reporting oil spills and hazardous substance releases. Its purpose is to facilitate the coordination of environmental response efforts and ensure that proper actions are taken in response to such incidents. The NRC operates as a 24-hour communication center, receiving reports and disseminating information to the appropriate federal, state, and local agencies to effectively manage pollution threats. This initiative highlights the EPA's central role in environmental protection and response coordination, making it the correct choice for the establishment of the NRC.

The other agencies mentioned play significant roles in emergency management and environmental protection, but they either do not have the same primary responsibility for managing pollution incidents as the EPA or were not the original creators of the NRC.